CNC machine tool is a typical mechatronics product, which is a modern mechanical manufacturing technology, automatic control technology, detection technology, computer information technology in one of the high efficiency, high precision, high flexibility and high automation of modern machinery processing equipment. It is the same as other mechatronics products, is also composed of mechanical body, power source, electronic control unit, detection and sensing part and execution machine. Servo system, composition.
1, mechanical body
For the body of the
CNC machine tool, is used for a variety of mechanical parts of the cutting process.
2, power source
CNC machine tools to provide power for the part, mainly using electricity.
3, electronic control unit
The core is the computer numerical control, referred to as CNC device, which receives a variety of digital information after decoding, arithmetic and logic processing, generating a variety of instruction information output to the servo system, so that the machine tool according to the specified operation for processing. This part also includes the corresponding peripheral equipment, such as monitors, printers, etc.
4, detection and sensing part
The main linear displacement of the table and rotary table angular displacement detection. Detection results are sent to the computer, or used in the position display or for feedback control.
5、Actuator, servo system
Used to drive the machine tool displacement parts for the corresponding movement, and its positioning accuracy control, such as many CNC machine tools tool movement is the use of servo motor driven ball screw to complete.
According to the classification of CNC machine tool process use
(1) general CNC machine tools. Is similar to the feasibility of ordinary machine tool process of various CNC machine tools. Its type and ordinary machine tools, (such as CNC lathes, CNC milling machines, CNC grinding machines, CNC drilling machines, etc.)
(2) machining center, is a CNC machine tool with tool magazine and automatic tool changing device.
(3) special CNC machine tools, is equipped with CNC devices for special processing machine tools, (such as CNC
wire cutting machine tools, CNC laser processing machine tools, etc.)
CNC machine tools by the number of axes of control classification
(1) two coordinate CNC machine tools, refers to the control of two coordinate axis linkage and can process the curve contour parts of the machine tool, (such as CNC lathes)
(2) three coordinate CNC machine tools, refers to the coordinate axis can be linked to control the three axes of CNC machine tools, can be used for processing less complex space
surface, (such as three coordinate CNC milling machine)
(3) two half-coordinate CNC machine tools, (such as economic CNC milling machine)
(4) multi-coordinate CNC machine tools, the machine structure is complex, high control accuracy, complex processing procedures, mainly for processing complex shapes of parts (such as no coordinate CNC milling machine)
CNC machine tool processing characteristics
1. the applicability of the parts processing
By changing the processing program can be processed for different parts, especially suitable for the current variety, small batch, the characteristics of rapid product updates.
2. High degree of automation
In general, in addition to loading and unloading workpiece.
Most other machining processes are automatically completed by the machine tool, greatly reducing the labor efforts of workers.
3, stable processing quality
Machining process, the machine tool from start to finish in the specified control instructions to work, eliminating the operator's technical level and emotional changes to the impact of processing quality, and thus the processing quality is stable and a number of parts of good dimensional consistency.
4、High productivity
CNC machine tool spindle speed and feed range is large, allowing the machine tool for large cutting power cutting. Also on the machining center. Due to the use of tool magazines. Can be realized in a machine tool for continuous processing of multiple processes, greatly reducing the processing time of the parts and auxiliary time, and thus high productivity. Too read more please visit
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5, to facilitate the modernization of production management
CNC machine tools use digital signals and standard codes as control information, easy to achieve the
standardization of processing information, has been combined with computer-aided design and manufacturing CNC/CAM organically, is the basis of modern integrated manufacturing technology.